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I wouldnt use a core material for a sump guard. The use of a core is to increase a panels rigidity, not it's strength. While a core can improve a laminates ability to resist impact loading, the types of high energy point loading that you would see on a sump guard very much depend on the strength of the skins, and the core itself would really be a bit of a weak point due to its crush resistance.
For a sump guard, I would be making it 5mm thick solid Kevlar. 5mm is actually probably total overkill, I dare-say 3mm would be fine, but you may as well over-engineer it and get a bit more life out of it. Carbon Kevlar isn't a terrible idea, the carbon would provide extra rigidity that would help spread the loads, however I would only do this on the outer layers, the entire laminate would be a waste as the carbon on the inner layers wouldn't be working as hard. To lay this up, a schedule something like this would work:
2 layers ~200g carbon/Kevlar 15 layers ~400g Kevlar 2 layers ~200g carbon/Kevlar
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