You should be able to use hot melt glue (gun) to glue the correx on, to make flanges .. A photo showing the reverse side, close up would help advise you ...
Most pieces will not have a nice flat reverse side to attach the flanges to. I've sometimes had to "build up" a framework from correx and wood /plywood pieces on the back of a part to support the flanges.
The "pour foam" method will most likely be very messy compared to "building up" with correx and hot-melt glue. If you're worried about marking the reverse side you can tape up the places where you put on the glue.
Your existing seat-back is "the Plug" in this case, and any time spent om polishing it to perfection, is saved on polishing both your mould, and the end product..
In some cases, making a good usable "plug" from an original can be very difficult, even impossible, without damaging the original... sometimes beyond repair

This has happened more than once to me on fairing parts for bikes..
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