Talk Composites - The Forum for Advanced Composites

Laminate Layup Options

http://www.talkcomposites.com/Topic32213.aspx

By Joe1234 - 3/2/2019 3:54:22 AM

This may be a bit of a silly question but I'm new to designing with composites and I'm not that familiar with that is commonly available so please feel free to correct me or make a recommendation as you see fit. 

I'm looking to have a structural part fabricated for some testing. This E-glass-epoxy laminate will be subjected to in-plane loads and shearing forces, and as such my layup is intended to be [45/-45/0/45/-45/0/45/-45/0]s. The issue that I am running into is that I will require this laminate be symmetric about its mid plane as I do not want there to be any coupling between extensional and bending deformations. I realize that with a biaxial fabric [45/-45] you cannot just flip layers over to reverse the stacking sequence as flipping over a [45/-45] fabric results in the same [45/-45] stacking sequence and not the desired [-45/45]. Moreover, all the multi-axial fabrics (both biaxial and triaxial) that I have come across in catalogs only seem to come in one stacking orientation and they don't seem to provide a reverse stacking option. Compounding this issue I haven't been able to find unidirectional fabrics cut to only the 45 degree or -45 degree orientation out of which I could successfully achieve my layup.

I currently feel as though I have no way of achieving the laminate symmetry I will require however the textbooks I have read talk about symmetric laminates with angle-ply as if they are common place and I believe there must be a solution to this problem that I am not aware. To clarify further, the part I am looking to fabricate is about 12 feet long and will require rectangular layers cut to be 3ft by 12ft. Moreover I would really like to avoid the use of fabric splices if possible.  

If you needed to construct this laminate what would you recommend for fabric selection? Are there E-Glass fabrics available which provide for symmetry in angle-ply laminates. Perhaps my scan of the marketplace wasn't thorough enough. 

Thanks in advance for the help! 


By Joe1234 - 3/2/2019 3:16:17 PM

Lester Populaire - 3/2/2019 7:48:49 AM
Joe1234 - 3/2/2019 3:54:22 AM
This may be a bit of a silly question but I'm new to designing with composites and I'm not that familiar with that is commonly available so please feel free to correct me or make a recommendation as you see fit. 

I'm looking to have a structural part fabricated for some testing. This E-glass-epoxy laminate will be subjected to in-plane loads and shearing forces, and as such my layup is intended to be [45/-45/0/45/-45/0/45/-45/0]s. The issue that I am running into is that I will require this laminate be symmetric about its mid plane as I do not want there to be any coupling between extensional and bending deformations. I realize that with a biaxial fabric [45/-45] you cannot just flip layers over to reverse the stacking sequence as flipping over a [45/-45] fabric results in the same [45/-45] stacking sequence and not the desired [-45/45]. Moreover, all the multi-axial fabrics (both biaxial and triaxial) that I have come across in catalogs only seem to come in one stacking orientation and they don't seem to provide a reverse stacking option. Compounding this issue I haven't been able to find unidirectional fabrics cut to only the 45 degree or -45 degree orientation out of which I could successfully achieve my layup.

I currently feel as though I have no way of achieving the laminate symmetry I will require however the textbooks I have read talk about symmetric laminates with angle-ply as if they are common place and I believe there must be a solution to this problem that I am not aware. To clarify further, the part I am looking to fabricate is about 12 feet long and will require rectangular layers cut to be 3ft by 12ft. Moreover I would really like to avoid the use of fabric splices if possible.  

If you needed to construct this laminate what would you recommend for fabric selection? Are there E-Glass fabrics available which provide for symmetry in angle-ply laminates. Perhaps my scan of the marketplace wasn't thorough enough. 

Thanks in advance for the help! 



You are right that you cannot just flip a biax layer, but you can turn your pattern by 90° and cut it like this to achieve the 45/-45 or -45/45° option. Alternatively a twill fabric would be symmetrical no matter how you turn it.

Can you recommend any reading material on the proper specification for fabric splices? I'm not to familiar with this and if I go down this route I want to be sure I will not be reducing the capacity of my laminate.